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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>The Varnish Users Guide — Varnish version 7.1.1 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" /> <script id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="next" title="The Big Varnish Picture" href="intro.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="Now what?" href="../tutorial/now_what.html" /> </head><body> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="intro.html" title="The Big Varnish Picture" accesskey="N">next</a> \|</li> <li class="right" > <a href="../tutorial/now_what.html" title="Now what?" accesskey="P">previous</a> \|</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="../index.html">Varnish version 7.1.1 documentation</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">The Varnish Users Guide</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="the-varnish-users-guide"> <span id="users-guide-index"></span><h1>The Varnish Users Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#the-varnish-users-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>The Varnish documentation consists of three main documents:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorial/index.html#tutorial-index"><span class="std std-ref">The Varnish Tutorial</span></a> explains the basics and gets you started with Varnish.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#users-guide-index"><span class="std std-ref">The Varnish Users Guide</span></a> (this document), explains how Varnish works and how you can use it to improve your website.</p></li> <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/index.html#reference-index"><span class="std std-ref">The Varnish Reference Manual</span></a> contains hard facts and is useful for looking up specific questions.</p></li> </ul> <p>After <a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#users-intro"><span class="std std-ref">The Big Varnish Picture</span></a>, this Users Guide is organized in sections following the major interfaces to Varnish as a service:</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="running.html#users-running"><span class="std std-ref">Starting and running Varnish</span></a> is about getting Varnish configured, with respect to storage, sockets, security and how you can control and communicate with Varnish once it is running.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="vcl.html#users-vcl"><span class="std std-ref">VCL - Varnish Configuration Language</span></a> is about getting Varnish to handle the HTTP requests the way you want, what to cache, how to cache it, modifying HTTP headers etc. etc.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="report.html#users-report"><span class="std std-ref">Reporting and statistics</span></a> explains how you can monitor what Varnish does, from a transactional level to aggregating statistics.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="performance.html#users-performance"><span class="std std-ref">Varnish and Website Performance</span></a> is about tuning your website with Varnish.</p> <p><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#users-trouble"><span class="std std-ref">Troubleshooting Varnish</span></a> is for locating and fixing common issues with Varnish.</p> <div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> <ul> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="intro.html">The Big Varnish Picture</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="running.html">Starting and running Varnish</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="run_security.html">Security first</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="command-line.html">Required command line arguments</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="run_cli.html">CLI - bossing Varnish around</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="storage-backends.html">Storage backends</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="storage-backends.html#transient-storage">Transient Storage</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="params.html">Parameters</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="sizing-your-cache.html">Sizing your cache</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl.html">VCL - Varnish Configuration Language</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-syntax.html">VCL Syntax</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-built-in-subs.html">Built-in subroutines</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-built-in-code.html">Built-in VCL</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-variables.html">Request and response VCL objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-actions.html">Actions</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html">Backend servers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#the-none-backend">The “none” backend</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#multiple-backends">Multiple backends</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#backends-and-virtual-hosts-in-varnish">Backends and virtual hosts in Varnish</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#directors">Directors</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#health-checks">Health checks</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-backends.html#connection-pooling">Connection Pooling</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-hashing.html">Hashing</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-grace.html">Grace mode and keep</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-separate.html">Separate VCL files</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-inline-c.html">Using inline C to extend Varnish</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vcl-examples.html">VCL Examples</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="devicedetection.html">Device detection</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="report.html">Reporting and statistics</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="operation-logging.html">Logging in Varnish</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="operation-statistics.html">Statistics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="performance.html">Varnish and Website Performance</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="increasing-your-hitrate.html">Achieving a high hitrate</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="increasing-your-hitrate.html#the-role-of-http-headers">The role of HTTP Headers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="increasing-your-hitrate.html#http-vary">HTTP Vary</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="increasing-your-hitrate.html#cache-misses">Cache misses</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="increasing-your-hitrate.html#uncacheable-content">Uncacheable content</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="purging.html">Purging and banning</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html">Compression</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html">Content composition with Edge Side Includes</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#example-esi-include">Example: esi:include</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#example-esi-remove-and-esi">Example: esi:remove and <!–esi … –></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#footnotes-about-esi">Footnotes about ESI</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#doing-esi-on-json-and-other-non-xml-ish-content">Doing ESI on JSON and other non-XML’ish content</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#ignoring-bom-in-esi-objects">Ignoring BOM in ESI objects</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#esi-on-invalid-xml">ESI on invalid XML</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#esi-includes-with-https-protocol">ESI includes with HTTPS protocol</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#esi-on-partial-responses-206">ESI on partial responses (206)</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="esi.html#esi-and-return-vcl">ESI and return(vcl(…))</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting Varnish</a><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#when-varnish-won-t-start">When Varnish won’t start</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#varnish-is-crashing-panics">Varnish is crashing - panics</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#varnish-is-crashing-stack-overflows">Varnish is crashing - stack overflows</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#varnish-is-crashing-segfaults">Varnish is crashing - segfaults</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#varnish-gives-me-guru-meditation">Varnish gives me Guru meditation</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshooting.html#varnish-doesn-t-cache">Varnish doesn’t cache</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div 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